HomeRoast Digest


Topic: Drum Roasting update (15 msgs / 592 lines)
1) From: Ron
Well this is the 2nd roast on the newly constructed Lowes Waste Can Drum  8"
dia. by 13" long. After removing the Alpenrost style rollers. and inserting
a rod thru the drum, connected via spider coupling at the 50 rpm motor and
running in a solid brg. at the other end.
I loaded 450 grams of Mexican Organic El Oliva in a cold drum, Grill was pre
heated to 500 degrees.
After inserting the drum and switching on the motor, closed the lid the temp
was at 300 degrees.
1  first 2 min soaked at 300 heat on low
2 at the 4 min mark 340 turn heat to med.
3 at the 6 min mark 450 this is environment heat not bean
4 at the 7 min mark 460
5 at the 8 min mark 470
6 at the 9 min mark 480
7 at the 10 min mark 500 cut heat to med low
8 at the 11 min mark 510
9 at the 12 min mark 525   first crack at the 12:30 cut heat to low
10 at the 13 min mark 460
11 at the 14 min mark 450  at 14:30 heat to high to push to 2nd crack
12. at the 15 min mark near 500 2nd crack begins, cut heat completely off.
13 at 16:30 rolling 2nd dumped roast
14 roast cool at the 17:30 mark
Dark Mahogany brown shinny no oil is what I call French.
Conclusion  IMO the 50 rpm motor is to fast for a 8" drum, it tends to sling
the beans instead of tumbling them.
The roast came out extremely even but was hard to hear the 2nd crack for the
noise of the beans being agitated.
It was also hard to see the beans rotating that fast.
The drum speed needs to be reduced to 25 max. I'm thinking 15 to 20 would be
ideal for this size drum. I'm happy with the coffee, but its really hard to
keep up with the cracks with the noise of slinging beans.
A rheostat is in order or some pulleys to slow this thing down.
Gas grill drum roasting is a hoot I love it but I keep running out of Mason
jars, and what do you do when the freezer is full:O)
I really need to start selling coffee at the local Farmers Market. Hey I
beleive thats how Oaxaca Charlie got started. excuse me I have to drink a lb
of coffee before Monday.
Ron
rnkyle
Home Roasting in SC

2) From: Ed Needham
Way to go Ron.  so the roller idea was a bit noisy. Hmmmm, guess I need to
find another way to allow one end of my drum to be free of the axle rod.
I've got a Melitta Aromaroast roaster I am thinking of attaching to my grill
to provide convection air currents to aid the roast.  By pre-heating the
input air to roasting temps, I can have heated air blowing in and not
significantly mess up my roasting temps.  When I set it up like this, I also
plan to use an exhaust tube, possibly with a small powered exhaust fan to
help suck out the smoke.  Input air and powered exhaust might make the smoke
issue a bit more tolerable, and allow me to vent it to the outside rather
than blowing it out with a fan.
Here's a recent successful roast curve (Kenya AA) with my grill roaster.
TIME          Temp            Bean temp
START        550F              85F (ambient air temp appx. 85F)
1:00            460                160 (roaster temp stabilizes)
2:00            460                225
3:00            460                265
4:00            460                275
5:00            460                290
6:00            465                310
7:00            470                320
8:00            470                335
9:00            478                350
10:00          485                365
11:00          485                375
12:00          490                385
13:00          495                400
14:00          500                410
15:00          500                420
15:30          500                425 (1st crack)
16:00          500                430
17:00          500                438 (reduce heat)
18:00          485                445
19:00          480                448
20:00          465                448 (second crack)
20:30          465                449 (pull roast and forced air coolin 3 minutes)
Ed Needham
To Absurdity and Beyond!http://www.homeroaster.comed
****************************************
**********************************************

3) From: HeatGunRoast
Ed,
I'm always curious about how approximate profiles without taking bean temperatures
(hard to do in the open environment of grill-top, heat gun roasting).  I'm
interested quantifying and replicating my own roasting in ways that are consistent
with taste and theory.  I've been thinking about the ratio of time to first crack to
time to second.  
Just as a example, your profile below is roughly 3:4.
ED'S PROFILE
<Snip>
And Ron's profile is roughly 4:5 ----
RON'S PROFILE
<Snip>
My "default" profile (adjusted for bean's, chance, and whim)is 6.5 minutes to first,
and 9.5 minutes to second, or roughly 2:3
Any thoughts about this RATIO as a useful metric somewhat (though I realize never
entirely) independent of length of roast?
Martin
=====
Martin
Do you Yahoo!?
SBC Yahoo! DSL - Now only $29.95 per month!http://sbc.yahoo.com

4) From: Jim Schulman
On 5 Jul 2003 at 18:10, HeatGunRoast wrote:
<Snip>
I don't think it is. To some extent the times 
trade off. For instance, I used to spend 4 minutes 
going to the first crack, then five minutes after 
that. Now I spend 7 minutes going to the first, 
and four minutes after. This gives roughly the 
same flavor profile, but more consistently, and 
with greater detail -- like a better resolution 
photo.
If I had to give a rule, I'd venture for each 
extra 2 to 2 1/2 minutes from 300F to 400F, one 
can reduce the time after that by about a minute.
Jim

5) From: Martin Lipton
Another question, probably answered and debated at length in the drum/fluid
bed discussions, but I guess I'm slow to catch on.
Is there something that you  fundamentally prefer about a 12  minute ramp to
first crack (as with your recent profile in response to Ron, over the 5 to 7
minute that you mention below?  Is this a bean-specific decision?  Or is it
a matter of small consequence and mostly a function of how long it takes
your roaster to get the beans up to temp?
I keep pressing to understand what I can here (theory and principles)
because although  I can accurately measure time (duh!), and  I think I have
a good sense of rate-of-ramp, I can only infer actual temperatures by cracks
and other sensory inputs.
Martin

6) From: Jim Schulman
On 5 Jul 2003 at 19:20, Martin Lipton wrote:
<Snip>
I use a 7 minute ramp to the first crack, 2 
minutes to 290, and 20F/min after that. Then 4 
minutes to finish the roast. The 12 minute ramp 
will be used when I clone Ed's drum roasts. This 
is much more a matter of taste than science.
The basic difference between a drum and air 
profile is that the mass of the drum acts as a 
heat capacitor, delaying its delivery to the 
beans. This creates a roughly straight line roast 
profile. An air roaster usually delivers air at a 
fixed temperature around 480F to 500F. The beans 
heat quickly at first, then stall out as they get 
above the first crack. This yields a very curved 
profile. Ed has a lot of graphs on his site.
Profile roasting requires monitoring the time and 
temperature, and varying the heat to achieve a 
preset temperature to time graph. If the microchip 
or operator is doing something else, it isn't 
profile roasting. Mike and I, as well as many of 
the less garrulous list members, have air-roasters 
set-up to do this
Most, but not all, of us prefer to follow a 
straighter drum-like profile than unmodified 
airroasters, although we usually start faster than 
drums, and finish slower. Stay tuned to the "Ed's 
thrown the Gauntlet" posts to see if our purely 
empirical groping towards a decent profile has 
come to something, or whether an old-fashioned 
drum roast by an experienced roaster will beat our 
pants off.
As to science, there isn't much. The Maillard 
reactions begin at 290F and transform the proteins 
and sugars in the bean. There's about five major 
branches the reaction can take, with up to a 
hundred specific chemicals in each branch; these 
are all parts of the fruity origin flavors. Above 
400F, straight caramelization begins involving 
only the sugars and producing the roast flavors, 
while mellowing and eventually degrading the 
origin flavors.
Unfortunately, the profile of exact reaction 
pathway to temperature and moisture content (the 
other major determinant of maillard reactions, and 
another possible source of drum/air differences) 
is unknown. So one can't say "I want more of that 
nice pear flavor, 3% more moisture, 20 seconds 
less at 360, and 15 more at 285 ought to do it" 
I was fully expecting to find information like 
this when I started reading coffee chemistry 
books. But scandalously, no industry paid 
researcher is looking to find this out. Most 
coffee research is how to use industrial 
distillation methods on coffee (it's gotta be 
"pure") to get "coffee flavors" that can be 
sprayed back into instant coffee powder. 
That's why the recent "roasting dissertation" 
struck many of us as so amateurish, despite the 
hi-tech equipment used; the food scientists are 
basically amateurs at roasting.
Jim

7) From: Ed Needham
I can change the profile I posted significantly if I put the beans in a
pre-heated drum.  I can blast through first crack that way and the results,
in my opinion, are not any better.  Plus, I have to handle the heated drum
twice that way.  Not a huge problem, but I've melted the plastic bean baggie
more than once on the 500F+ spit rod while pouring in the beans.
My second row of temps is from a 12" dial thermometer stuck through a hole in
the top of the grill, through the opening on the end of my drum, and directly
into the rotating bean mass inside the drum.  I twisted one thermometer all
to heck one time while I was experimenting, trying to get it in there while
the drum was rotating.  That big horse of a gearmotor could probably do the
same for 3/8" steel rod.  I have to be really careful when that thing is
running so as to not get tangled up in it.
I would like to bring my roast time down to around 18 minutes, but so far,
without preheating the drum, it has been elusive with a five pound load.  I
upped the start temperature to 550F, knowing it would allow a bit more
thermal inertia when the cold beans and drum are inserted, but it only shaved
about a minute from the overall time.
Pertaining to ratio.  It looks as if the actual 'ratios' are all in the same
ballpark.  I don't see a 3:20 or a 13:4, but a 2:3, 3:4 and 4:5.  Time to
first is drastically different though.  Mine is 15:30minutes, Ron's is
12:30minutes, and yours is 6:30minutes.  Time between first and second crack
is also significant, with yours being actually longer than Ron's, even though
his time to first was almost twice as long as yours.  Mine was 4:30minutes,
Ron's was 2:20minutes, and yours was 3:00minutes.  That, I find interesting,
and some light will 'hopefully be shed this weekend as myself (grill drum
roaster), Jim Schulman (modded FR), Ted Simpson (gas fluid bed roaster) and
Mike McGinness (modded Rosto) all roast the Kenya AA Mika using several
different roasters and profiles.  We'll post our results here, and probably
on my web site (if the others agree to allow their hard work to be displayed
there).
Ed Needham
To Absurdity and Beyond!http://www.homeroaster.comed
****************************************
**********************************************

8) From: Ron
snip from Ed's reply:
< so the roller idea was a bit noisy. Hmmmm, guess I need to
<Snip>
Ed I believe the rollers would work, if the rpm was a lot slower, and if the
can was very round. The can I used was way out of round and getting the rod
directly in the center of the can was a bit difficult along with the spring
from the weight, it made for a bouncy ride for the drum. the steel axle
wheels also wanted to squeak, maybe some very high temp grease, Food grade
may help solve that.
I'm like you in the aspect of not having the rod go all the way thru the
drum. I'm working on a bronze brg with a flip up cap to hold the drum in
place, it will probably need two and that means quick action at the end of
the roast to release the brg. caps. I'll keep on experimenting and if I hit
on a viable solution I will post it.
Ron
rnkyle
Home Roasting in SC

9) From: Dan Bollinger
 > The basic difference between a drum and air
<Snip>
Jim,  For commercial drum roasters this is true, but not for home drum
roasters. Both the HotTop and Alp use perforated drums. The Alp's drum is
very light and has less heat mass than the 1/2 pounds of beans. So in these
machines the drum's thermal mass has very little effect on the curve. The
largest factors, I think, will be the size of the heater and profile
programmed in the chip.  Dan

10) From: Jim Schulman
On 6 Jul 2003 at 7:19, Dan Bollinger wrote:
<Snip>
<Snip>
Hi Dan,
I sometimes think there's a lot less to these 
profile chips than meets the eye of the marketing 
department. There's certainly lots of variation in 
both roasters from ambient temperature and voltage 
changes. Even my little FR chamber needs one roast 
to fully warm up, while in the  Alp and Hottop, 
not just the drum, but the entire mass of metal 
has to heat before everything reaches equilibrium. 
So I still think their natural, uncontrolled 
profile is probably a good deal more linear than 
an airroaster's.
Jim

11) From: AlChemist John
I have found that on my Zen roaster also.  Each test is getting it 
quieter.  So far I am using oillite bearing just outside the main roast 
chamber (I assume this will not help you much) but have also found in my 
searches Rulon brgs that can theoretically handle roast temperatures and 
should be much quieter.
Sometime around 04:36 7/6/2003, Ron typed:
<Snip>
--
John Nanci 
AlChemist at large
Zen Roasting and Blending by Gestalthttp://www.dreamsandbones.net/blog/

12) From: john kangas
How's that coming along? Any updates?
John Kangas
<Snip>
Add photos to your messages with MSN 8. Get 2 months FREE*.  http://join.msn.com/?page=features/featuredemail

13) From: Lowe, David
So does this mean that you're up and roasting with the Zen roaster? Did I miss some posts on it? Also, where are you purchasing your bearings?
Dave Lowe

14) From: AlChemist John
Sometime around 10:54 7/7/2003, john kangas typed:
<Snip>
No real updates.  I picked up and installed the components for my rollers, 
i.e. double ended threaded  bolts, oilite bearing and nuts (had the rollers 
already).  Aside from that, I am still in the process of getting some 
porcelain for the insulators.  Mainly, the project has slowed a little (but 
life has not)
<Snip>
--
John Nanci 
AlChemist at large
Zen Roasting and Blending by Gestalthttp://www.dreamsandbones.net/blog/

15) From: AlChemist John
Sometime around 11:33 7/7/2003, Lowe, David typed:
<Snip>
No, it is not quite up and you did not miss any posts.  The bushings are 
from Applied Industrial out of Roseburg, Oregon, although I believe they 
said they have a Portland division.
<Snip>
--
John Nanci 
AlChemist at large
Zen Roasting and Blending by Gestalthttp://www.dreamsandbones.net/blog/


HomeRoast Digest